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This topic has appeared in the English Wikipedia rankings 1 time. It first appeared on 2026-07-11 and was most recently seen on 2026-07-11.
Allen Taylor is an American scientist and Professor of Nutrition, Development, Molecular and Chemical Biology, and Ophthalmology at Tufts University. He focuses on the intersection of proteostasis, nutrition, and aging, specifically age related eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts. He initiated his work asking if calorie restricted diets, which are known to prolong life and improve health, could also be used to delay cataracts. His epidemiologic and laboratory animal work indicates that there is an association between consuming higher glycemic index (GI) diets, typical of Western diet patterns, and increased risk for AMD. Glycemic index (GI) indicates how quickly blood glucose is raised following the consumption of a carbohydrate containing food. This property has been associated with many disorders such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and AMD. This effect is independent of intake of antioxidants, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids indicating that AMD is largely driven by dietary GI. Attributable risk calculations suggest that by lowering the glycemic index only by 5 points would save >100,000 people from AMD in 5 years. This change in glycemic index can be achieved by exchanging the equivalent of 5 pieces of white break for 5 slices of whole grain bread daily.
This has been corroborated in multiple laboratory animal models in which his group revealed that consuming lower glycemic index diets preserves retinal integrity upon aging. Mechanistic experiments demonstrated that readily digested dietary carbohydrates result in loss of photoreceptors, basal infoldings, and accumulation of lipid products, lipofuscin, and basal deposits. Limiting antioxidant potential accelerates this damage, but enhancing protection against sugar breakdown products such as methylglyoxal, or enhancing proteolytic potential, delays the sugar associated damage. This can be accomplished by over-expressing the glyoxalase, or p62, or by used of drugs to limit plasma glucose. His group is executing the GLOVE clinical studies to determine if patients with earlier AMD will be willing to adhere to diets that may slow the progression or limit risk for AMD. His group has also been involved in the analysis of dietary patterns and their association with risk for age-related diseases. Using data from the American AREDS cohort, they found that a higher Oriental pattern score was strongly associated with 25% lower odds for early AMD and over 60% lower odds for advanced AMD. In comparison, there is an almost 60% increase of early AMD odds and almost 3-fold increase of advanced AMD odds for eyes among consumers of diets with the highest western pattern scores.
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